Can you cast your cop friend in the role? Might have to cover up any department-specific logos/names but that way you wouldn't have to worry about borrowing stuff.
I was hoping someone might have put this together before and would know a cheaper way to do things. I'm on a really tight budget.
Sometimes guerrilla filmmaking requires some outside-the-box thinking. You know anyone planning a bachelorette party? You could always book a male stripper to do a cop routine, then as soon as he rips his uniform off grab it and run...
It shouldn't be difficult. I simply googled 'Cheap Police Uniform' and got half a dozen costume/apparel websites that'll put together a good looking outfit for under $100 or so... In all honesty, it looks like most of the sites sell you the individual components - which comprise pretty simply of navy/black clothing. The 'cop' look is less the clothing, and more the badge, belt, boots, etc.
http://www.uniformswarehouse.com/prostores/servlet/StoreFront
http://www.keeprs.com/osCommerce/police-uniforms-mens-c-244_124_140.html
http://www.chiefsupply.com/apparel/
https://www.atlantictactical.com/category/apparel-uniforms
EDIT: Another random idea - go to an Army Surplus store. They'll have everything you need, and it shouldn't be too expensive. I went in one awhile back with my Marine buddy - I was incredibly surprised at the kind of crap they sell (Pretty much everything - it's like the armed forces (Of everything, even, and especially the Confederacy...) meets your local flea market.
We just purchased uniforms for a whole police force using Uniforms Ware House and Chief Supply. Uniforms Ware House is by the cheapest!! The rest of the things we purchased from Amazon.
You mean things like the department, etc? I'd say it varies - for close-ups I'd guess they use real, or very close replicas, which will be slightly different for every city. Generally they have the city/county/etc, rank, department/branch, and a badge number, plus there's often the appropriate state seal.
There are a few generic shapes that are common though, so for stuff that's just part of a detail on a costume you probably just need to get the appropriate shape.
Start here for some examples:
https://www.google.com/search?q=police+badge&tbm=isch
Also - most badge places will probably want to see ID if you're ordering anything that appears to be a real badge for a law enforcement agency. You may have to stick with a generic security badge, or else get a prop replica from a character in a movie or something.
I hink you would have a problem with is if you were trying to reporduce a badge that exists and is being used by a police department. For example, it is against the law to purchase a NYPD as it is trademarked and if not made by the original manufactuer, you own a fake, a crime. Plus, the original manufacturer will only issue the badged with permission of the NYPD who tells you what # you can have and then tracks who has them and for how long, etc....
There are definitely legality issues when using real department insignia. Scorsese famously had to change the Massachusetts State Police logo in The Departed when the commonwealth wouldn't license it.
I was just looking for an update. What happened with your uniform requirement?