Forgive me a little chuckle. Not at you, MelonDome, but just
an old guy laughing at the fact that technology changed so
fast and guys like me (not that old really) are seen as a relic.
Blood hits have been CG for less than 5 years, yet new filmmakers
can hardly imagine it being done any other way.
Most of the blood efx is done with a small explosive called a
squib. It's placed behind a blood bag and ignited - often by
current through a hidden wire. They are still used today. For
a shot to the face, sometimes the cameras would stop, the
efx guy would apply the blood and the cameras would roll -
just like you said. Sometimes the efx guy would simply spray
blood on the actors face while the camera is rolling. You only
think you see a bullet hole. An excellent example of that is
the shotgun to the face death of Richard Chance in "To Live
and Die in L.A."
I think Moe Green getting shot in the eye was done with a
squib in the glasses.