Shutter Speed and Frame Rate

Once again - I am a complete newbie to film/video.

Okay, from what I understand: Shutter Speed simply affects the duration in which the iris is open. The larger the number, such as 1/25, (would it be considered larger because 1/125 is larger than 1/30, or would it be considered smaller because in the fractional sense 1/125 is smaller than 1/30?) creates a darker image because the iris opens and closes more frequently, which in turn lets less light in. Now that the shutter speed is opening and closing more frequently, does that mean that despite the lack of light (both available and studio) the image will be smoother and less choppy/jumpy? I'm thinking so, because after all if you drop to say 1/4 then you have a lot of motion blur and you're getting duplicates in frames.


Now with Frame Rate - say you have 30 fps and you have the iris set to 1/30. That means that for each frame that passes, the iris opens and closes once to match it exactly? What if you cranked the shutter speed to 1/125? Would the image be smoother? Now, vice versa. What if you cranked up the frame rate to 60 fps, but left the shutter speed at 1/30. That would mean that there is a pair of two identical frames - making the image less smooth/detailed, more choppy, and although our eyes couldn't see it it would make the action slower?

So, I think I may have solved my own question by just writing this all out - but I need you to check for me.

Adjusting the shutter speed means that the duration that the iris is open changes. The higher the number, the more often the iris opens and closes; letting in less light but creating a smoother image.

Adjusting the frame rate means that more or less frames composes 1 second of footage. The more frames you have, the slower the motion and the more detail you have. BUT, if the shutter speed is less than the frame rate, then you get duplicates of the same frame making the footage seem slower.

ARGH. I'm so confused. I know that the shutter speed controls the amount of light being let in, but doesn't it also control the look of the film. I don't mean it just in the amount of light, but how smooth/detailed it looks as well. But now doesn't increasing the frame rate do the same thing? From increasing frame rate you get a slower motion along with more detail (excluding the amount of light available) don't you? So then what is the difference? Ah, I've been thinking about this for the past few hours and It's been bugging me. Please help!

I'm sure the answer is simple and I'm just being kind of ridiculous.
 
Once again - I am a complete newbie to film/video.

Okay, from what I understand: Shutter Speed simply affects the duration in which the iris is open. The larger the number, such as 1/25, (would it be considered larger because 1/125 is larger than 1/30, or would it be considered smaller because in the fractional sense 1/125 is smaller than 1/30?) creates a darker image because the iris opens and closes more frequently, which in turn lets less light in. Now that the shutter speed is opening and closing more frequently, does that mean that despite the lack of light (both available and studio) the image will be smoother and less choppy/jumpy? I'm thinking so, because after all if you drop to say 1/4 then you have a lot of motion blur and you're getting duplicates in frames.

The 1/125th shutter will cause a CHOPPY look in the motion because there is a lot less motion blur, and yes, there is less light. When the shutter is open more at 1/4 as you say, it is NOT duplicate frames as much as the single frame has nothing but motion blur because things MOVE during the time it's open.
 
1/125 would be choppy? How is that? I can understand the 1/4 having motion blur, but if the iris is opening and closing at a faster rate wouldn't you be able to see more detail and motion in say the action of a mug of beer sliding down a bar counter towards you?
 
1/125 would be choppy? How is that? I can understand the 1/4 having motion blur, but if the iris is opening and closing at a faster rate wouldn't you be able to see more detail and motion in say the action of a mug of beer sliding down a bar counter towards you?

Each frame would be individually sharp, meaning there is no "fluid" motion that our eyes naturally do. Move your hand in front of your face. It appears to "blur", and if you change the shutter speed to 1/125th, there will be no motion blur and it will be a staccato, choppy movement with no blur from frame to frame. The D-Day scenes in SAVING PRIVATE RYAN are a perfect example of what this looks like.
 
The frequency is the frame rate, not the shutter. You could consider the shutter to be the amplitude.

a shutter of 1/125 opens the same NUMBER of times as a shutter of 1/4 if both are at 30fps (the frequency). The 1/125 is the fraction of a second during that 1/30 of a second for the frame that light is allowed to hit the sensor/ film.

The standard setting is 1/2 the frame rate for shutter (in photography, it matters a bit less) due to the goal of recreating realistic motion. So at 30fps, we'd use 1/60 shutter (every 1/30 second, 1/60 of a second is recorded)... at 24fps, 1/48 is used.

As the fraction gets smaller, it's taking a smaller and smaller timeslice every 1/30 second, so there's less movement within that time representation and the chronological distance between the actual time slices increases giving a stoccato (saving private ryan) feel.

As the fraction gets larger, it's taking wider and wider timeslices every 1/30 second, so there's more movement within that time representation and the chronological gap closes giving more of a drunk guy POV walking through a party feeling. Swooshy and streaky as more movement happens while the shutter is open, capturing that span of time to a single point in time (the frame).
 
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