Frequency response

In a dumbed down answer can someone please explain what what is frequency response is. I have been really getting into audio and love everything about it. yet there is always so much to learn, every where I turn basically. and it can be rather complicated if you're a noob ass like me. So please, can anybody help?
 
Frequency response.. when referring to the statistics of a microphone, simply indicate the frequency range that microphone is able to pickup.

So, a microphone with a frequency response of 20-20000 will 'hear' sounds that are between 20Hz and 20KHz
 
As ever in audio, the reality is not quite so simple. For example if a mic lists it's specs as 20Hz-20kHz that does not mean that it cannot "hear" (respond to) a frequency of say 19Hz. Just that it's response is below a certain threshold at 19Hz. Even at say 21Hz (within it's stated specification) the mic's response is likely to be quite poor, relative to other frequencies more central to it's specifications. Quite commonly a frequency response spec will be accompanied by a graph, displaying the exact sensitivity (level of response) throughout the frequency range.

G
 
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