Start by understanding the basics:
https://vimeo.com/55139561
Then decide on a program you want to use:
If you have a strong computer and want to invest your time in understanding how to work with a more complex workflow. Download the free DaVinci Resolve Lite. Eventually, this gives you tools that are simply amazing, fast and would save you a lot of time in the future.
Since you are using Adobe Premiere, your second option is to stay within the Adobe workflow.
You have a program called Speedgrade, which is close to DaVinci, but will give you an easier workflow if you keep your project within the Adobe circle.
You can also try After Effects, it will give you many more tools, along with plugins if you need, it will eventually give you plenty of flexibility. However, it is more time consuming if you really want to color correct and grade in great detail, since it doesn't have some of the built-in CC tools other color correction programs have; it is a composting tool.
The remaining options I would suggest are simpler products, such as working within Premiere. Cineform's CC program or a CC program that is dedicated to your codec, such as RED's program.
After watching the video, let us know what you want to try out and I'll send you some starter tutorials.
Good luck.